The Uncertain Journey of Afghan Refugees in Qatar

Introduction: A New Beginning Interrupted

Negina Khalili’s story epitomizes the hopes and fears of countless Afghan families who left everything behind in pursuit of safety. Having sold their home and possessions in Afghanistan, Khalili’s family flew to Qatar in January, anticipating the last leg of their journey to the U.S. But just thirteen days into their waiting, the Trump administration took office and suspended the refugee program they had counted on. As Khalili reflects on their plight, she fears that a forced return to Afghanistan could mean dire consequences for her family.

An Unexpected Change in Fortune

When Donald Trump took office, among the numerous executive orders he signed was one that effectively halted the refugee program. This abrupt policy shift left thousands around the world, including Afghan families like Khalili’s, in the lurch, stripping them of their hope for a new life in the United States—a country that has historically offered refuge to those escaping war, persecution, and violence.

The Situation in Qatar: A Waiting Game

For a small group of Afghans currently in Qatar, uncertainty looms large. Having arrived just before the suspension, they suddenly found clarity slipping away. Advocates such as Shawn VanDiver, leader of the #AfghanEvac group, estimate that about 1,200 Afghan refugees are stranded at a U.S. military base in Qatar. Despite having previously provided vital support during America’s long engagement in Afghanistan, these individuals are now left waiting and worrying about their future.

VanDiver emphasizes the responsibility the U.S. has towards those it brought to Qatar—a commitment to honor the promises made to refugees who contributed to the war effort. In the chaotic aftermath of the Taliban’s return to power in August 2021, the U.S. airlifted thousands of individuals to safety. However, the spotlight on the ongoing plight of Afghan refugees has dimmed as the issue has faded from public view.

Emigration Pathways: A Complex System

Afghans who aided the U.S. during its military operations have two main pathways for resettlement: the Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) program and the traditional refugee program. While military translators and others who directly worked with the U.S. government qualify for SIVs, many Afghans who do not fit this narrow criterion but still faced threats due to their contributions can apply for refugee status.

Once deemed eligible, Afghan evacuees are sent to international "lilypads" for further processing. In Qatar, this hub operates in a former U.S. military base now overseen by the State Department. However, their freedom of movement is severely limited—preferably only leaving the base under the escort of U.S. officials.

Refugee Programs: A Diminished Hope

While the SIV process remains open, Afghan refugees seeking traditional resettlement face significant barriers due to the suspension implemented by the Trump administration. This situation has left those in Qatar—where the prospect of returning home is unconscionable—both anxious and uncertain about their future.

Among them is Saliha, a lawyer who, before the Taliban regained control, fought for the rights of women in Afghanistan. After fleeing her homeland in 2021, she found herself in Qatar, braving the unknown. Despite her complicated circumstances, Saliha remains hopeful, engaging with community activities at the camp while often reflecting on the injustices faced by Afghans who helped support American efforts.

The Indefinite Suspension of the Refugee Program

The future of the refugee program remains unclear as the Trump administration keeps it suspended indefinitely. Information about potential resumption has not been disclosed, leading to a fog of uncertainty. Advocates emphasize the extensive vetting Afghan refugees undergo before being cleared to enter the United States, reinforcing that these individuals are worthy of asylum and protection.

Suited for the cause, groups committed to resettling refugees have filed lawsuits to push for the restart of the program. Legal battles have underscored discrepancies about the number of approved refugees eligible for resettlement, speculating upwards of 12,000 individuals who await their fate.

Awaiting Voices: The Ongoing Struggle

A sense of helplessness permeates the lives of Afghan refugees awaiting news about their futures. Khalili continues to grapple with anxiety for her loved ones stuck in Afghanistan, who are under constant threat due to their connections with the U.S. “They are facing a lot of depression and they don’t know what will happen,” she laments, her words echoing the anxiety of many who find themselves at the mercy of a broken system.

Every day, the complexities of immigration policies and international relations weigh heavily on these families. As they navigate their uncertain wait for safety, they hold tightly to the hope that promises of refuge will someday be fulfilled.